When Mauritius Became Republic?
When Mauritius Became Republic?
The history of Mauritius before it became a republic in 1992 is rich and complex, marked by colonialism, slavery, and a struggle for independence. Here’s a brief overview of key historical events leading up to Mauritius transition to becoming a republic:
Early Settlement:
The island of Mauritius was initially uninhabited before being discovered by Arab sailors in the 9th century. The first recorded landing by Europeans occurred in 1507 when the Portuguese navigator Dom Pedro Mascarenhas arrived.
Dutch Period:
The Dutch attempted to establish a colony on the island in the early 17th century but abandoned it in 1710.
French Colonial Rule:
In 1715, the French took possession of Mauritius and named it Île de France. The French developed sugar plantations on the island and brought enslaved Africans and indentured laborers from India to work on these plantations. Mauritius remained a French colony until 1810 when the British seized control during the Napoleonic Wars.
British Colonial Rule:
The British continued to develop the sugar industry and brought in more indentured laborers from India and China. Slavery was abolished in 1835, and indentured labor was used to replace enslaved workers. Mauritius remained a British colony until it gained independence in 1968.
Independence:
Mauritius became an independent nation on March 12, 1968, and retained Queen Elizabeth II as its ceremonial head of state. The first Prime Minister of Mauritius, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, became the country’s first post-independence leader.
Republic:
Mauritius remained a constitutional monarchy with the British monarch as its ceremonial head of state until it became a republic on March 12, 1992. The transition to a republic involved the adoption of a new constitution, which established a president as the head of state.
Political Developments:
Mauritius has a multi-ethnic and multicultural population, and its political landscape has been characterized by various parties representing different communities. It has experienced periods of political stability and alternation of power through democratic elections.
On the path to becoming a republic, Mauritius faced challenges and triumphs, and its history reflects the struggles and aspirations of its diverse population. Since becoming a republic, Mauritius has continued to develop as an independent nation with a democratic system of government.
Mauritius became a republic on March 12, 1992. On that date, it officially adopted a new constitution, which marked the country’s transition from being a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state to a republic with a ceremonial president as the head of state. This event is celebrated annually in Mauritius as Republic Day. Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo became the first President of Mauritius when the country became a republic.
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